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Saturday, June 4, 2016

Islamic scholars agree on a shared lunar calendar for Muslim world - ISTANBUL Published May 31, 2016


    • Daily Sabah > 

      Turkey


http://www.dailysabah.com/nation/2016/05/31/islamic-scholars-agree-on-a-shared-lunar-calendar-for-muslim-world


Islamic scholars agree on a shared lunar calendar for Muslim world

DAILY SABAH
ISTANBUL
Published May 31, 2016 

Islamic scholars agree on a shared lunar calendar for Muslim world

Decades of disputes over when to observe religious holidays in the Islamic world neared an end on Monday in a landmark step, as Islamic scholars from around the world agreed on a single lunar calendar

The International Hijri Calendar Union Congress wrapped up Monday in Istanbul, hopefully marking the end of a long-standing conflict dividing the world's Muslims. Scholars from across the globe convening for an event hosted by Turkey's state-run Presidency of Religious Affairs (DİB) agreed to adopt a single Islamic lunar calendar. The landmark move is particularly important regarding the observance of religious holidays and especially concerns the fasting month of Ramadan which begins next week, as Muslims will hopefully celebrate the sacred festivals on the same day.

Speaking to Daily Sabah on the sidelines, DİB President Mehmet Görmez said the meeting has put an end to "a 60-year-old debate."

Islamic scholars agree on a shared lunar calendar for Muslim world
Muslim scholars met in Istanbul and agreed on a single calendar. Speaking to Daily Sabah's Mehmet Çelik (R), DİB head Mehmet Görmez said it was "a right decision."

The event, started on Saturday, follows years of research by a Science Board composed of scholars and scientists from Turkey, Qatar, Jordan, the United States, European and several Muslim countries.

Scholars from Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, United Arab Emirates, Morocco and nearly 50 countries attended the landmark congress which hosted a similar event in 1979, only to see an agreement to reach a unified calendar fell apart in the following years.

Görmez said preparation for the congress started three years ago, with the formation of a commission of scholars in astronomy and fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) to discuss different ideas on the issue in the Islamic world on an international level. "The commission paved the way for this congress to be a meeting where a solid decision is made, rather than it to remain an event where the issue is merely discussed. We had two proposals in the end, a dual calendar system or a single calendar," he said, referring to a separate calendar for the western hemisphere or specifically, for Muslims in North and South America. "A dual calendar would not end the problems and we focused on a single calendar which Muslims in every part of the world can observe, so that Ramadan can start on the same day. We put it up for a vote and the majority of scholars agreed on it," he said. Along with senior scholars from Turkey, the congress hosted Professor Ali Mohuddin al-Qurra Daghi from Qatar, an expert on Islamic jurisprudence, Mohammed Shawkat Awda, a prominent astronomer from the United Arab Emirates, and other renowned scholars. The congress' decision will now be referred to the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), the group of 57 Muslim-majority countries, for official adoption in the Muslim world.

Görmez said a few countries might have difficulty adopting the new calendar, but the OIC may be influential in worldwide adoption of the calendar. "This is an ongoing process, but God willing, we hope to put an end to this debate," he said. Görmez said that Muslims are now a globally ubiquitous community, with a presence in almost all countries, necessitating a unified calendar. "It has been a real challenge, especially in countries where Muslims are a minority. It led to a divide even among the congregation of small mosques, with one group of Muslims observing the religious days on one date, while others observed it on another date. There have been even differences on observation amid the members of same families. This will put an end to it," he said. For Muslim minorities, especially those in the West, a single calendar means securing a right for observing a religious holiday. "Minorities fought for decades to earn their right to observe their own religious holidays, and they finally gained it. But a new problem arose as the states they lived in asked them to designate an exact date for religious holidays. The single calendar will end Muslims' challenge on this issue as well," Görmez stated.

When to observe religious holidays and prayer times has been an issue of debate among Muslim scholars for years. This is especially the case for the observation of Kurban Bayram, known as Eid al-Adha in Arabic or the Festival of Sacrifice, and the culmination of the annual hajj pilgrimage. Differences stem from various scholarly interpretations of Islamic law regarding the sighting of the new moon on which the date is based. Specific acts of worship such as fasting may be considered invalid if observed at different times.

Görmez said there has been a misconception or disregard for scientific facts in the Islamic world. "In this day and age, when people can travel to the moon and observe the movements of sun and moon second by second, in this age of major scientific developments, it was wrong to disregard these developments and insist on observing the new moon with the naked eye by climbing

up mountains. God and the prophet tell us to acquire knowledge and use it." He said that although the problem was not solved in its entirety at the moment, the agreement was at least a first step and as the DİB, they were pleased to see scholars from around the world agree with them on "a right decision" for calendar unity.

* Contributed by Mehmet Çelik


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ഹിജ്‌റ കലണ്ടര്‍: ഇസ്താംബൂള്‍ സമ്മേളനത്തില്‍ യോജിപ്പ്


Published : 3rd June 2016 | Posted By: SMR


ഇസ്താംബൂള്‍: മുസ്‌ലിം ലോകത്ത് പൊതുവില്‍ സ്വീകാര്യമായ ഒരു ചന്ദ്രവര്‍ഷ കലണ്ടര്‍ ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നതില്‍ അന്താരാഷ്ട്ര ഹിജ്‌റ കലണ്ടര്‍ സമ്മേളനത്തില്‍ യോജിപ്പ്. തുര്‍ക്കി മതകാര്യ വകുപ്പിന്റെ ആഭിമുഖ്യത്തില്‍ വിവിധ മുസ്‌ലിം രാഷ്ട്രങ്ങളില്‍ നിന്നുള്ള പണ്ഡിതന്‍മാരാണ് മാസപ്പിറവി സംബന്ധിച്ച തര്‍ക്കം ഒഴിവാക്കുന്നതിനും കലണ്ടര്‍ ഏകോപിപ്പിക്കുന്നതിനും സമവായത്തിലെത്തിയത്.

കലണ്ടര്‍ സംബന്ധിച്ച് 60 വര്‍ഷമായി നടക്കുന്ന വിവാദത്തിന് ഇതോടെ അന്ത്യമാവുമെന്നു തുര്‍ക്കി മതകാര്യ വകുപ്പ് മേധാവി മുഹമ്മദ് ഗോര്‍മെസ് പ്രത്യാശ പ്രകടിപ്പിച്ചു. 1979ല്‍ കലണ്ടര്‍ സംബന്ധിച്ച് ഒരു അന്താരാഷ്ട്ര സമ്മേളനം നടന്ന ശേഷം ഇതാദ്യമായാണ് ഈ വിഷയത്തില്‍ ഏകോപിച്ച അഭിപ്രായം ഉയര്‍ന്നുവന്നത്. 1929ല്‍ എല്ലായിടത്തും ഒരു കലണ്ടര്‍ എന്ന ആശയത്തില്‍ പണ്ഡിതന്‍മാര്‍ യോജിച്ചിരുന്നുവെങ്കിലും പല തര്‍ക്കങ്ങളും ഉയര്‍ന്നുവന്നതിനെത്തുടര്‍ന്നു പദ്ധതി നടപ്പായില്ല. ജ്യോതിശ്ശാസ്ത്ര-ഗണിതശാസ്ത്ര മേഖലയിലെ പണ്ഡിതന്‍മാരും ഇസ്‌ലാമിക കര്‍മശാസ്ത്ര വിദഗ്ധരും കഴിഞ്ഞ മൂന്നുവര്‍ഷമായി കലണ്ടര്‍ ഏകോപിപ്പിക്കുന്നത് സംബന്ധിച്ചു ഗവേഷണം നടത്തിവരുകയായിരുന്നു.

ഇസ്താംബൂള്‍ സമ്മേളനത്തില്‍ ഉത്തരാര്‍ധഗോളത്തില്‍ ഒന്ന്, ദക്ഷിണാര്‍ധഗോളത്തില്‍ മറ്റൊരു കലണ്ടര്‍ എന്ന നിര്‍ദേശം വന്നുവെങ്കിലും അവസാനം ഒരു കലണ്ടര്‍ എന്ന നിര്‍ദേശത്തിനാണ് കൂടുതല്‍ വോട്ടു കിട്ടിയത്. സമ്മേളനത്തിന്റെ ശുപാര്‍ശ ഒഐസിക്ക് കൈമാറുമെന്ന് ഗോര്‍മെസ് വ്യക്തമാക്കി. എല്ലാ രാജ്യങ്ങളിലും ഒരേദിവസം റമദാന്‍ നോമ്പ് തുടങ്ങാനും പെരുന്നാള്‍ ആഘോഷിക്കാനും കഴിയുമെന്നാണ് പ്രതീക്ഷയെന്നു ഗോര്‍മെസ് വ്യക്തമാക്കി. മുസ്‌ലിംകള്‍ ന്യൂനപക്ഷങ്ങളായ രാഷ്ട്രങ്ങളില്‍ ഒഴിവുദിനങ്ങള്‍ നിശ്ചയിക്കുന്നതിനു കലണ്ടര്‍ സഹായകമാവും.

ഖത്തറില്‍ നിന്നുള്ള ഇസ്‌ലാമിക കര്‍മശാസ്ത്ര പണ്ഡിതന്‍ പ്രഫ. അലി മുഹ്‌യിദ്ദീന്‍ ഖുറദാഗി, യുഎഇയില്‍ നിന്നു ജ്യോതിശ്ശാസ്ത്രജ്ഞന്‍ മുഹമ്മദ് ശൗഖത്ത് ഔദ എന്നിവരാണ് കലണ്ടര്‍ സംബന്ധിച്ച ചര്‍ച്ചകള്‍ക്ക് നേതൃത്വം നല്‍കിയത്.









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